2026 info:eu-repo/semantics/article ABSTRACT Trichinellosis is a parasitic disease in humans caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella, usually acquired through the consumption of raw or undercooked meat, mainly from pigs or wild animals, containing infective larvae. Although often overlooked, this disease has affected humans for centuries and continues to be a public health concern in many parts of the world, especially where food safety measures are inadequate. In this millennium, significant progress has been made in understanding the disease pathophysiology and host immune response, mainly through experimental studies in rodents, while human pathophysiology and immune response still await elucidation. This review integrates current knowledge on the biology, transmission, and manifestations of trichinellosis, as well as challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The parasite’s life cycle involves an initial intestinal phase followed by systemic migration of larvae into striated muscles, where long-lasting cysts are established. The clinical presentation varies from mild gastrointestinal discomfort to severe systemic manifestations such as fever, periorbital edema, and muscle pain. In some cases, chronic symptoms, including fatigue and reduced muscle strength, may persist for years. Trichinellosis: A zoonosis that still requires vigilance eng PLOS http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases application/pdf 1056351 bytes Mitić, Ivana Gruden-Movsesijan, Alisa Vasilev, Saša https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:37746 doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0013944 ISSN: 1935-2735 Trichinella, infection, trichinellosis