o:36023 Biodegradable Electrospun PLGA Nanofibers-Encapsulated Trichinella Spiralis Antigens Protect from Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Related Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis en ABSTRACT Purpose: Trichinella spiralis has evolved complex immunomodulatory mechanisms mediated by excretory-secretory products (ESL1) that enable its survival in the host. Consequently, ESL1 antigens display excellent potential for treating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). However, whether timely controlled delivery of ESL1 antigens in vivo, as in natural infections, could enhance its therapeutic potential for MS is still unknown. Methods: To test this, we encapsulated ESL1 antigens into biodegradable poly (lactide-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanofibers by emulsion electrospinning as a delivery system and assessed their release dynamics in vitro, and in an animal MS model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), induced 7 days after PLGA/ESL1 subcutaneous implantation. PLGA/ESL1 effects on EAE symptoms were monitored along with multiple immune cell subsets in target organs at the peak and recovery of EAE. Gut barrier function and microbiota composition were analyzed using qPCR, 16S rRNA sequencing, and metabolomic analyses. electrospinning, PLGA nanofibers, drug delivery, tolerogenic cells, immune modulation, gut microbiota 1552099 10.2147/IJN.S499161 2025-03-18T09:19:31.615Z 44 yes 46 Ljiljana Sabljić University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia 0000-0001-6027-591X Nataša Radulović Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Jelena Djokić Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Dušica B. Stojanović Faculty of Metallurgy and Technology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Dušan Radojević Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Sofija Glamočlija University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia person 0000-0003-0497-5852 Miroslav Dinić Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Nataša Golić Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Saša Vasilev University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia doktor medicinskih nauka-veterina person 0000-0001-7870-2713 Petar Uskoković Faculty of Metallurgy and Technology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Ljiljana Sofronić-Milosavljević University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia person Alisa Gruden-Movsesijan University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia doktor bioloških nauka person 0000-0002-3061-5474 Sergej Tomić University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia doktor bioloških nauka person 0000-0003-2570-1295 application/pdf 15524041 https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:36023 no yes 17 70 92000001 11A29 11A2904 11A21 11A26 11A41 International Journal of Nanomedicine 20 1921 1948 Dovepress Taylor & Francis Group 2025