o:35899 Probing the effects of dextran-coated CeO2 nanoparticles on lung fibroblasts using multivariate single-cell Raman spectroscopy Istraživanje efekata nanočestica CeO2 obloženih dekstranom na fibroblaste pluća korišćenjem multivarijantne Ramanove spektroskopije na ćelijskom nivou en ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of highly soluble dextran-coated CeO2 nanoparticles on human fetal lung fibroblasts MRC-5. We examined individual nanoparticle-treated cells by Raman spectroscopy and analyzed Raman spectra using non-negative principal component analysis and k-means clustering. In this way, we determined dose-dependent differences between treated cells, which were reflected through the intensity change of lipid, phospholipid and RNA-related Raman modes. Performing standard biological tests for cell growth, viability and induction of apoptosis in parallel, these changes were correlated with nanoparticle-induced apoptotic processes. The cells with specific spectral characteristics, referring to non-apoptotic, but possibly autophagic cell death modality, were also detected. Additionally, Raman imaging combined with principal component and vertex component analysis was used to map the spatial distribution of biological molecules in treated and untreated cells. This work provided the description of different resulting states of the treated cells depending on the dextran-coated CeO2 nanoparticles dose, which can be later used in the design of the nanoparticles for industrial or medical applications. The wide content of information resulting from single-cell Raman spectroscopy has the potential to detect biochemical changes caused by nanoparticles that would otherwise require a series of expensive and time-consuming standard biological techniques. CeO2; MRc-5 fibroblasts; Raman spectroscopy; PCA; VCA 1552099 10.1080/17435390.2025.2453576 2025-02-13T12:43:25.710Z 44 yes 46 Mirjana Mićević Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Sonja Čalija Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Lela Korićanac VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Jelena Žakula VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Aleksandra Vilotić University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia doktor bioloških nauka person 0000-0002-0898-5401 Marko Radović BIOSENSE Institute, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia person Igor Golić Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Aleksandra Korać Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Mirjana Nacka-Aleksić University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia doktor medicinskih nauka-farmacija person 0000-0003-0750-9347 Bojan Stojadinović Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person Zorana Dohčević-Mitrović VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia person application/pdf 10287349 https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:35899 no yes 18 70 92000001 11A23 11A28 11A29 11A2901 11A02 Nanotoxicology 19 1 100 118 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group 2025