info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceProceedings eng https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:30977 application/pdf 159012 bytes University of East Sarajevo Faculty of Technology Engineering, environment and materials in process industry-Proceedings All rights reserved The influence of ultrasound exposure time on polyphenol and flavonoid yield and antioxidant potential of Satureja montana L. extracts Čutović, Natalija Jovanović, Aleksandra A. Batinić, Petar Marković, Tatjana Radanović, Dragoja Marinković, Aleksandar Bugarski, Branko 2023 Antioxidant activity, flavonoids, polyphenols, Satureja montana, ultrasound-assisted extraction ABSTRACT Satureja montana L. (winter savory, Lamiaceae), as an evergreen perennial aromatic plant, contains essential oil, phenolic acids, flavonoids, labiatic acid, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. S. montana extracts have shown various pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, anticatarrhal, and stimulant activities. Ultrasound-assisted extraction represents a modern extraction procedure that provides a higher extraction yield, fast kinetics, the use of a wide range of extraction solvents, a simple operation, and low costs in comparison to other novel techniques. In the present study, S. montana extracts were prepared using dried plant material (0.5 g), 50% ethanol as an extraction solvent (10 mL), and different extraction times (5, 15, 30, and 60 min) in an ultrasound bath. The extracts were analyzed via polyphenol and flavonoid yields, as well as DPPH radical scavenging activity. The total polyphenol content of the extracts rose up to the 15th min (from 12.7±0.7 to 20.6±0.4 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of plant material) and after that reached the steady state (~21 mg GAE/g). The total flavonoid content was also rising with the increase in extraction time, from 4.34±0.28 mg catechin equivalents (CE)/g of plant material after 5 min to 8.19±0.36 and 8.42±0.30 mg CE/g after 15 and 30 min, respectively. However, the flavonoid concentration significantly decreased after 60 min of ultrasound-assisted extraction (7.38±0.32 mg CE/g). The extraction time significantly affected the DPPH radical scavenging capacity of the extracts: 65.4±1.3% after 5 min, 94.5±1.1% after 15 min, 87.0±2.4% after 30 min, and 91.6±2.0% after 60 min. According to the presented results, it can be concluded that 15 min represents the optimal ultrasound exposure time to obtain the extracts with the highest polyphenol and flavonoid yields, as well as DPPH antioxidant activity. The presented study shows the possibilities for the production of S. montana extracts with antioxidant compounds that can be potentially implemented in food, functional food, dietary supplements, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.