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    <ns1:title language="en">Cross-talk of insulin, leptin and glucocorticoid signaling in the rat hypothalamus and skeletal muscle during metabolic disturbances induced by dietary fructose and stress</ns1:title>
    <ns2:subtitle language="en">doctoral dissertation</ns2:subtitle>
    <ns2:alt_title language="sr">Interakcije signalnih puteva insulina, leptina i glukokortikoida u hipotalamusu i skeletnom mišiću pacova tokom metaboličkih poremećaja izazvanih ishranom obogaćenom fruktozom i stresom : doktorska disertacija</ns2:alt_title>
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    <ns1:description language="en">Modern way of living includes unpredictable stressful daily events and consumption ofcaloric fructose-rich food. Increased incidence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndromeraise the necessity to investigate how these two factors present in our everyday livesinfluence metabolic health.The aim of this doctoral dissertation is to test the hypothesis that fructose dietcombined with chronic unpredictable stress induces more pronounced metabolicderangements in the skeletal muscle and hypothalamus of male Wistar rats than each of thefactors applied separately. With that in mind, we analyzed hypothalamic insulin and leptinsignaling and their effects on appetite regulation, skeletal muscle insulin signaling, and lipidmetabolism, muscle glucocorticoid signaling and inflammation after challenging conditions ofexcessive fructose consumption (9 weeks) and/or exposure to chronic unpredictable stress (4weeks).Results showed that fructose diet combined with chronic stress altered expression ofhypothalamic neuropeptides causing increased appetite and energy intake, increased activityof AMPK energy sensor and impaired insulin signaling. In the skeletal muscle, combination offructose and stress caused muscle lipid overload and disturbed lipid metabolism byincreasing lipolysis and β-oxidation. Decreased muscle glucocorticoid signaling enabled rise ofuncontrolled lipid-induced inflammation creating a setting for muscle insulin signalingimpairment detected after combination of the treatments.Results of this doctoral dissertation have clearly showed that combination of fructosediet and chronic stress exposure had more detrimental effects on the hypothalamus andskeletal muscle of male rats than each of the treatments applied separately.</ns1:description>
    <ns1:description language="sr">Moderan način života se sastoji od svakodnevnih nepredvidivih stresnih događaja ikonzumiranja kalorične hrane bogate fruktozom. Povećana učestalost insulinske rezistencije imetaboličkog sindroma nameće potrebu da se istraži kako ova dva faktora prisutna u našemsvakodnevnom životu utiču na metaboličko zdravlje.Cilj ove doktorske disertacije je da se ispita hipoteza da ishrana bogata fruktozom ukombinaciji sa hroničnim nepredvidivim stresom izaziva izraženije metaboličke poremećaje uskeletnim mišićima i hipotalamusu mužjaka pacova nego svaki od primenjenih tretmanaponaosob. Imajući to na umu, analizirali smo signalizaciju insulina i leptina u hipotalamusu injihove efekte na regulaciju apetita, signalizaciju insulina u skeletnim mišićima, metabolizamlipida, signalizaciju glukokortikoida i inflamaciju nakon prekomernog unosa fruktoze (9nedelja) i/ili izloženosti hroničnom nepredvidivom stresu (4 nedelje).Rezultati su pokazali da ishrana bogata fruktozom u kombinaciji sa hroničnim stresommenja ekspresiju neuropeptida hipotalamusa, izazivajući povećan apetit i unos energije,povećanu aktivnost energetskog senzora AMPK i narušava insulinsku signalizaciju. Uskeletnim mišićima, kombinacija fruktoze i stresa izazvala je povećanje unosa lipida i nivoalipolize i β-oksidacije. Inhibirana glukokortikoidna signalizacija omogućava povećanjenekontrolisane inflamacije izazvane lipidima, doprinoseći poremećaju mišićne insulinskesignalizacije nakon kombinacije tretmana.Rezultati ove doktorske disertacije jasno su pokazali da je kombinacija ishrane bogatefruktozom i hronične izloženosti stresu izazvala štenije efekte na hipotalamus i skeletnemišiće mužjaka pacova nego svaki od tretmana primenjen pojedinačno.</ns1:description>
    <ns1:description language="sr">Biology - Biochemistry and molecular biology / Biologija - Biohemija i molekularna biologija  Datum odbrane: 30.05.2023. </ns1:description>
    <ns1:keyword language="en">Chronic stress; fructose; skeletal muscle; hypothalamus; glucocorticoid hormones; leptin; lipid metabolism; insulin resistance; inflammation;</ns1:keyword>
    <ns1:keyword language="sr">Hronični stres; fruktoza; skeletni mišići; hipotalamus; glukokortikoidni hormoni; lipidni metabolizam; insulinska rezistencija, inflamacija</ns1:keyword>
    <ns1:keyword language="sr">577.115(043.3)</ns1:keyword>
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    <ns7:keyword language="sr" seq="0">Chronic stress; fructose; skeletal muscle; hypothalamus; glucocorticoidhormones; leptin; lipid metabolism; insulin resistance; inflammation</ns7:keyword>
    <ns7:keyword language="sr" seq="1">Hronični stres; fruktoza; skeletni mišići; hipotalamus; glukokortikoidnihormoni; lipidni metabolizam; insulinska rezistencija, inflamacija</ns7:keyword>
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