Etno Antropološki Problemi 10(1) Novi istorizam: tekst i kontekst New Historicism: Text and Context All rights reserved Ključne reči: novi istorizam, kultura, istorija, politika tekst, kontekst Keywords: New Historicism, culture, history, politics, text, context info:eu-repo/semantics/review Vesić, Violeta M. Sažetak: Tokom većeg dela XX veka istorija je posmatrana kao fenomen van književnosti koji garantuje istinitost književnog tumačenja. Istorija je bila jedinstvena i funkcionisala je kao osnova za čitanje književnog dela. Tokom sedamdesetih godina XX veka dolazi do promene stava ka istoriji u američkoj teoriji književnosti, tako da se javlja nov teorijski pristup koji ubrzo postaje poznat kao novoistorijska kritika. Od svog začetka, novi istorizam je identifikovan sa studijama renesanse i romantizma, ali sada se sve više uključuje i u druge književne pravce. Iako postoje velike razlike u argumentima i praksi kod različitih predstavnika ovog pravca, novi istorizam ima jasno prepoznatljive odlike i mnogi novoistoričari će se složiti sa izjavom Voltera Koena (Walter Cohen) da je novi istorizam, kada se pojavio osamdesetih godina XX veka, predstavljao nešto sasvim novo po pitanjima izučavanja teorije, kritike i istorije (Cohen 1987, 33). Teorijska povezanost sa Bahtinom, Fukoom i Marksom je jasna kao i neka vrsta nemirne veze sa dekonstrukcijom i radom Pol de Mana (Paul De Man). U središtu ovog pristupa je obnovljeno interesovanje za proučavanje književnih dela u svetlu istorijskih i političkih okolnosti u kojima su nastajala. Fuko je ohrabrivao čitaoce da počnu da premeštaju književne tekstove i da ih povezuju sa diskursima i reprezentacijama koje nisu književne, kao i da ispituju sociološke aspekte tekstova kako bi uzeli udela u socijalnim borbama sadašnjice.Proučavanje književnih dela primenom novoistorijske kritike je proučavanje poli tike, istorije, kulture i okolnosti u kojima su ta dela nastala. S obzirom na jednu od glavih činjenica koja se nalazi u središtu ove kritike da istoriju ne možemo posmatrati objektivno i da se realnost može razumeti samo kroz kulturni kontekst koji delo otkriva, ponovno čitanje i tumačenje književnosti je ne samo ponovno čitanje tekstova koji su već svima dobro poznati, već čitanje na jedan nov način. Abstract: During most of the twentieth century history was seen as a phenomenon outside of literature that guaranteed the veracity of literary interpretation. History was unique and it functioned as a basis for reading literary works. During the seventies of the twentieth century there occurred a change of attitude towards history in American literary theory, and there appeared a new theoretical approach which soon became known as New Historicism. Since its inception, New Historicism has been identified with the study of Renaissance and Romanticism, but nowadays it has been increasingly involved in other literary trends. Although there are great differences in the arguments and practices at various representatives of this school, New Historicism has clearly recognizable features and many new historicists will agree with the statement of Walter Cohen that New Historicism, when it appeared in the eighties, represented something quite new in reference to the studies of theory, criticism and history (Cohen 1987, 33). Theoretical connection with Bakhtin, Foucault and Marx is clear, as well as a kind of uneasy tie with deconstruction and the work of Paul de Man. At the center of this approach is a renewed interest in the study of literary works in the light of historical and political circumstances in which they were created. Foucault encouraged readers to begin to move literary texts and to link them with discourses and representations that are not literary, as well as to examine the sociological aspects of the texts in order to take part in the social struggles of today. The study of literary works using New Historicism is the study of politics, history, culture and circumstances in which these works were created. With regard to one of the main fact which is located in the center of the criticism, that history cannot be viewed objectively and that reality can only be understood through a cultural context that reveals the work, re-reading and interpretation of literature is not just re-reading of texts that are already well known, but reading in a completely new way. application/pdf 304744 bytes 2015 srp https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:29575 doi:10.21301/EAP.v10i1.10 cobiss:220870156 ISSN: 0353-1589