o:28883 ULOGA INOVACIJA U TRANZICIJI ENERGETSKOG SEKTORA THE ROLE OF INNOVATIONS IN ENERGY SECTOR TRANSITION sr Rezime Energetski sektor je bitan za postizanje održivog razvoja, kao opšteprihvaćenog razvojnog obrasca u savremenim uslovima. Projekcije pokazuju da će do 2040. godine svetu biti potrebno 30% više energije nego danas. Konvencionalni pristup ponudi energije je neodrživ u svetlu klimatskih promena (proizvodnja i korišćenje fosilnih goriva je odgovorno za, čak, dve trećine emisije gasova staklene bašte). Inovacije igraju ključnu ulogu u zadovoljavanju rastuće globalne energetske tražnje kompatibilne sa zahtevima održivog razvoja. Viši nivo tehnoloških, ali i ne-tehnoloških inovacija je neophodan u različitim segmentima energetskog sektora – na strani ponude i tražnje, kao i u sferi optimizacije energetskih sistema. Inovacioni jaz u svetu je, prema Globalnom indeksu inovacija (GII), vrlo izražen u korist razvijenih zemalja, koje su utoliko inovatnije ukoliko je njihov industrijski i izvozni portfolio razuđeniji. Ipak, impresivni primeri manje razvijenih zemalja pokazuju da se inovacione performanse mogu značajno unaprediti i pri nižem nivou dohotka, što je bitno za Srbiju u njenim naporima da transformiše energetski sektor u skladu sa kriterijumima održivog razvoja. Prepreke na putu prihvatanja i difuzije energetskih inovacija su brojne, pa je uloga javnih politika u tranziciji energetskog sektora veoma značajna. GII obezbeđuje zemljama neophodne podatke za oblikovanje uspešne inovacione politike u funkciji tranzicije energetike. Abstract The energy sector is important for achieving sustainable development as widely accepted development model in modern conditions. Projections show that, by 2040, the world will need 30% more energy compared to today. Conventional approach to energy supply is unsustainable in light of climate changes (fossil fuel production and usage is accountable for as much as two thirds of greenhouse gas emissions). Innovations play the key role in fulfilling growing global energy demand compatible with sustainable development demand. Higher level of technological, but also non-technological innovations is necessary in different segments of energy sector – supply and demand, as well as in the sphere of energy systems optimization. The innovation gap in the world is, according to Global innovation index (GII), very prominent to the advantage of developed countries, which are as innovative as their industrial and export portfolio is diverse. Nevertheless, impressive examples from less developed countries show that innovative performances can be considerably improved even with lower income levels, which is important for Serbia in its effort to transform the energy sector according to sustainable development criteria. The obstacles on the road of accepting and diffusion of energy innovations are numerous, which is why the role of public policies in energy sector transition is very important. GII provides countries with data necessary for shaping successful innovative policies aimed at energy transition. Ključne reči: inovacije, tranzicija energetike, globalni indeks inovacija, inovaciona politika Key words: innovations, energy transition, global innovation index, innovative policies 1552101 0354-9135 2023-04-21T09:09:26.360Z 44 no 46 Mirjana Gligorić Univerzitet u Beogradu Ekonomski fakultet 13833831 0000-0002-5443-3560 Biljana Jovanović Gavrilović Univerzitet u Beogradu Ekonomski fakultet person 12396391 0000-0001-8149-2497 application/pdf 748111 https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:28883 no yes 1 70 92000002 11A03 Ekonomski vidici 23 3-4 173 189 2018