KLJUČNE REČI: INSTITUCIJE, DOBRO UPRAVLJANJE, REGULATORNE INSTITUCIJE, ODGOVORNOST, INKLUZIVNE INSTITUCIJE. KEYWORDS: INSTITUTIONS, GOOD GOVERNANCE, REGULATORY INSTITUTIONS, INDEPENDANCE, ACCOUNTABILITY, INCLUSIVE INSTITUTIONS Jakšić, Miomir Apstrakt: Ustanovljavanje konsolidovane demokratije i efikasne tržišne privrede tek delimično zavisi od stope ekonomskog rasta (približni faktor rasta), a u celini i dugoročno od fundamentalnih faktora rasta – institucija i to onih koje omogućavajzu obrazovanje, uvećavaju participaciju širokih slojeva stanovništva što je u središtu izgradnje inkluzivnih institucija . Dva važna kamena temeljca razvojne makroekonomije su: 1.institucije su fundamentalni faktor razvoja i to institucije koje su inkluzivne, dobre, razvojne čiji je cilj i mere performansi dobrobit građana, i 2. iskustva proučavanja nezavisnih regulatornih tela, na početku centralne banke, utvrdila su da načela samostalnosti, odgovornosti i inkluzivnosti moraju biti temelj za ustanovljavanje takvih institucija i merenja njihovih performansi. Dobre (inkluzivne) institucije karakterišu tri svojstva: 1. ustanovljavaju i štite svojinska prava, 2. ograničavaju društvene elite koje nastoje da eksproprišu dohodak i svojinu drugih pojedinaca, i 3. osiguravaju jednake šanse za zapošljavanje rada i investiranje kapitala. Dobre institucije doprinose političkoj stabilnosti, uspešnoj makroekonomskoj politici i podstiču inicijative da se investira i zapošljava. Njihov ključni zadatak je da obezbede stabilnost i kontinuitet. Ekstraktivne (loše) institucije negativno utiču na ukupni društveni i ekonomski razvoj, tako što: 1. uvećavaju oportuninetni trošak i 2. smanjuju prinos preduzetnicima. Inkluzivne (dobre) institucije deluju u suprotnom smeru i predmet su podsticajne regulacije regulatornih institucija, jer uvažavaju interese svih društvenih i ekonomskih aktera. Abstract: Establishment od consolidated democracy and efficient market economy only partially depend upon GDP growth rate (proximate factor od development), but wholy and long lasting upon fundamental factor of development – institutions that enable and promote education and participation of broad masses of pupulation, which nowdays is in the focus of development of inclusive institutions. Two pillars of modern development macroeconomy are: 1. institutions are fundamental factor of development, institutions that are inclusive and as such good institutions that promoter economic and social development iin the interest of whole population, increasing their welfare; 2. experiences of independanr regulatory bodies, firstly central banks, manifest that rules of independance, accountability and inclusiveness are basic pillars for rule of law. Good institutions are charaterized with three atributes: 1. they establish and protect property rights; second, thery restrict elites which strive to expropriate income and property of others members of society; third, thery provide equal chances for employment of labour and investment of capital. Good institutions contribute to political stability, succesfull macroeconomic policy and enhance initiatives for employment and investment. Key role of institutions is in securing stability and continuity. Extractive (bad) indstitutions in dual way negatively affect enterpreneurship and whole social development, as they: 1. increase opportunity costs, and 2. reduce return to enterpreneurship. Inclusive (good) instititutions act in opposite direction and they are object of incentive regulation, as they take care of interest of all social and economic actors. info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceProceedings All rights reserved https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:28805 ISBN: 978-86-403-1677-4 Tematski zbornik radova Stanje i perspektive ekonomske misli : uticaj ekonomskih recesija u prvim decenijama XXI veka str. 39-59 Inkluzivne institucije i izgradnja države application/pdf 849882 bytes 2021 srp