o:28731 Karakteristike trgovine zemalja Jugoistočne Evrope s Nemačkom u periodu pre Drugog svetskog rata The characteristics of Southeastern Europe countries trade with Germany in the period begore the Second world war sr APSTRAKT: Spoljna trgovina zemalja jugoistočne Evrope s Nemačkom u predratnom periodu bila je pora- stu. Da bi što jače vezala ove zemlje za svoj privredni prostor, Nemačka je favorizovala uvoz agrarnih proizvoda sa ovog područja, istovremeno izvozeći industrijske proizvode na ova tržišta. Ove ciljeve je podržavao klirinški način plaćanja, koji je bio obuhvaćen trgovinskim ugovorima između Nemačke i ovih zemalja. Mada je nemački uvoz poljoprivredno-prehram- benih proizvoda iz zemalja jugoistočne Evrope bio favorizovan kroz preferencijalni tretman, nemački industrijski proizvodi u izvozu na ova tržišta su imali više cene od svetskih cena, što je Nemačkoj omogućavalo dodatnu zaradu. Pored toga, otežavajuća okolnost za ove ze- mlje sadržana je u tome što su one posle 1933. godine po pravilu ostvarivale klirinški suficit u razmeni s Nemačkom. Pošto ovaj suficit nije izmirivan ni robnim isporukama ni valutnim plaćanjem, zemlje jugoistočne Evrope su u visini klirinškog suficita kreditirale nemačku pri- vredu. Kraljevina Jugoslavija je takođe imala značajan suficit u razmeni s Nemačkom. Sa neizmirenim obavezama Nemačke po ovom osnovu, Jugoslavija je bila uvučena u Drugi svet- ski rat. Cilj ovog rada je analiza karakteristika robne razmene zemalja jugoistočne Evrope s Nemačkom u predratnom periodu. Akcenat se stavlja na sagledavanje posledica klirinške razmene ovih zemalja s Nemačkom. ABSTRACT: The foreign trade of the Southeastern European Countries with Germany in the pre-war pe- riod has been increased. In order to tie these countries closer to their economy, Germany has favored the import of agrarian products from this area, while exporting industrial pro- ducts to these markets. These goals was supported by the clearing payment method, which was covered by trade agreements between Germany and these countries. Although German imports of agricultural and food products from the Southeastern European Countries were favored through preferential treatment, German industrial products in exports had higher prices than world prices, which allowed Germany to gain additional benefits. In addition, an aggravating circumstance for these countries is contained in the fact that after 1933, as a rule, they had a clearing surplus in trade with Germany. Since this surplus has not been settled either by merchandise deliveries or by currency payments, the Southeastern Europe- an Countries, in the amount of the clearing surplus, are made free loans to the German economy before the War. The Kingdom of Yugoslavia also had a significant surplus in trade with Germany. With the Germany’s unpaid obligations on this basis, Yugoslavia was pulled into the Second World War. The aim of the paper is to analyze the characteristics of the trade between Southeast Europe Countries and Germany in the pre-war period. The emphasis is placed on the consequences of the clearing of these countries with Germany. KLJUČNE REČI: IZVOZ, UVOZ, KLIRING, AGRARNA STRUKTURA KEYWORDS: EXPORT, IMPORT, CLIERING, AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURE 1552101 2217-6217 2023-04-10T12:22:06.263Z 44 no 46 Radovan Kovačević Univerzitet u Beogradu Ekonomski fakultet 13834343 0000-0002-5857-730X application/pdf 542973 https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:28731 no yes 1 70 92000001 11A03 Ekonomske ideje i praksa 34 7 20 2019