o:27304 A three-step process of manganese acquisition and storage in the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana Proces usvajanja i skladištenja mangana u tri koraka u mikroalgi Chlorella sorokiniana en ABSTRACT Metabolism of metals in microalgae and the adaptation to metal excess are of significant environmental importance. We report here a three-step mechanism that the green microalga Chlorella sorokiniana activates during the acquisition of and adaptation to manganese (Mn), which is both, an essential trace metal and a pollutant of waters. In the early stage, Mn 2+ was mainly bound to membrane phospholipids and phosphates in released mucilage. The outer cell wall was reorganized, and lipids were accumulated with a relative increase in lipid saturation. Intracellular redox settings were rapidly altered in the presence of Mn excess, with increased production of reactive oxygen species that resulted in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the level of thiols. In the later stage, Mn 2+ was chelated by polyphosphates and accumulated in the cells. The structure of the inner cell wall was modified and the redox milieu established a new balance. Polyphosphates serve as a transient Mn 2+ storage ligand, as proposed previously. At the final stage, Mn was stored in multi-valent Mn clusters that resemble the structure of tetramanganese-calcium core of the oxygen-evolving complex. The present findings elucidate bioinorganic chemistry and metabolism of Mn in microalgae, and may shed new light on water-splitting Mn clusters. Sažetak cluster, ligand, metals, microalgae, oxidative stress, polyphosphates, XAFS 1552099 10.1093/jxb/erac472 2022-12-23T13:53:47.912Z 44 yes 46 Snežana Vojvodić University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Life Sciences Department, Serbia Ivan Spasojević University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Life Sciences Department, Serbia person Jon K. Pittman Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK person Arian Morina Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia person Miloš Opačić University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Life Sciences Department, Serbia person Dalibor Stanković University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Serbia person Jelena Danilović Luković University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Serbia doktor bioloških nauka person 0000-0003-2411-5032 Bernd Zechmann Center for Microscopy and Imaging, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA person Marina Stanić University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Life Sciences Department, Serbia person Giuliana Aquilanti Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Trieste, Italy person Tanja Dučić CELLS-ALBA, Barcelona, Spain person Milan Žižić University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Life Sciences Department, Serbia person Milena Dimitrijević University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Life Sciences Department, Serbia person application/pdf 7027 https://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:27304 no yes 18 70 92000001 11A27 11A29 11A2903 11A19 Journal of Experimental Botany Oxford University Press 2022