o:11070
Patogeni paprike iz zemljišta i mogućnost njihovog suzbijanja fungicidima
doktorska disertacija
Soil-borne pathogens of pepper and possibilities of fungicide control : doctoral dissertation
sr
Uzorci obolelih delova biljaka paprike sa simptomima uvenuća i truleži korena i
prizemnog dela stabla prikupljeni su sa različitih lokaliteta teritorije Republike Srbije u
cilju identifikacije prouzrokovača oboljenja, kao i ispitivanja njihove osetljivosti na
klasične i biofungicide u uslovima in vitro i in vivo. Na osnovu proučenih patogenih i
morfoloških svojstava utvrđeno je da dobijeni izolati pripadaju vrstama: Verticillium
dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum i Pythium
aphanidermatum. Identitet izolata potvrđen je analizom sekvenci DNK fragmenata
dobijenih korišćenjem univerzalnog para prajmera ITS1/ITS4.
Osetljivost izolata na fungicide u uslovima in vitro proučena je metodom
inhibicije porasta micelije, pri čemu je određivana koncentracija fungicida koja izaziva
inhibiciju porasta 50 % u odnosu na kontrolu (EC50), dok je in vivo efekat fungicida na
patogene iz zemljišta proučavan u uslovima staklenika na veštački inokulisanim
biljkama paprike. U uslovima in vitro, izolat V. dahliae, prouzrokovač „zelenog
uvenuća“ paprike, bio je veoma osetljiv na difenokozol (EC50 = 0,02 mg/l) i prohloraz
(EC50 = 0,03 mg/l) i umereno osetljiv na tiofanat-metil (EC50 = 3,48 mg/l). Međutim, u
uslovima staklenika, najveću efikasnost u suzbijanju V. dahliae na inokulisanim
biljkama paprike ispoljio je preparat na bazi tiofanat-metila (83,1 % u odnosu na
kontrolu), mada razlika u intenzitetu oboljenja između varijanti primene tiofanat-metila
(83,1 %), prohloraza (73,8 %) i difenokonazola (70,8 %) nije bila statistički značajna.
Od proučavanih fungicida najslabija efikasnost utvrđena je kod preparata na bazi
azoksistrobina (23,1 %), koja se nije razlikovala od kontrole (P > 0,05). Takođe,
utvrđena je visoka pozitivna korelacija između efikasnosti fungicida i visine biljaka (r =
0,81), kao i između efikasnosti i sveže mase biljaka paprike (r = 0,84). Dužina
nekrotiranog prizemnog dela stabla bila je u negativnoj korelaciji sa efikasnošću
fungicida (r = - 0,84)...
Samples of diseased pepper plant parts, expressing wilt as well as root and
crown rot symptoms, were collected at different localities on territory of the Republic of
Serbia with an aim of identification of disease causal agents and testing their sensitivity
to conventional and biological fungicides in in vitro and in vivo assays. Based on the
studied pathogenic and morphological characteristics, it was found that the obtained
isolates belong to the following species: Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium oxysporum,
Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Pythium aphanidermatum. Isolates
identity was confirmed by the sequence analysis of DNA fragments obtained by
application of pair of universal primers ITS1/ITS4.
Sensitivity of isolates to fungicides in in vitro assays was tested by mycelial
growth inhibition method and fungicide concentration that causes 50 % growth
inhibition compared to control (EC50) was determined. Fungicide effects on soil-borne
pathogens in vivo were tested under greenhouse conditions on artificially inoculated
pepper plants. In in vitro assays, the isolate V. dahliae, causal agent of ˝green wilt˝ of
pepper, proved to be very sensitive to difenoconazole (EC50 = 0.02 mg/l) and prochloraz
(EC50 = 0.03 mg/l) and moderately sensitive to thiophanate-methyl (EC50 = 3.48 mg/l).
However, under greenhouse conditions, the highest efficacy in V. dahliae control on
inoculated pepper plants was recorded for the product based on thiophanate-methyl
(83.1 % compared to control). Though, the difference in disease severity between
treatments with thiophanate-methyl (83.1 %), prochloraz (73.8 %) and difenoconazole
(70.8 %) was not statistically significant. Among the tested fungicides, the lowest
efficacy was recorded for the product based on azoxystrobin (23.1 %), with no
significant difference compared to control (P > 0.05). Moreover, high positive
correlation between fungicide efficacy and height of the plants (r = 0.81), as well as
between efficacy and fresh mass of pepper plants (r = 0.84) was also registered...
Biotehničke nauke - Fitofarmacija / Biotechnical sciences - Phytopharmacy Datum odbrane: 24.07.2014
patogene gljive iz zemljišta, paprika, osetljivost, efikasnost,fungicidi, biofungicidi.
soil-borne pathogenic fungi, pepper, sensitivity, efficacy,fungicides, biofungicides
635.649:632.4 (043.3)
yes
512123101
91552101
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512123101
2016-05-13T10:21:31.053Z
45
no
46
mentor
Milica V., 1987-
Mihajlović
2014
63
mentor
Petar, 1950-
Vukša
2014
63
mentor
Emil
Rekanović
2014
63
član komisije
Mirko, 1948-
Ivanović
2014
63
član komisije
Milan, 1972-
Stević
2014
63
član komisije
Brankica
Tanović
2014
154 lista
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http://phaidrabg.bg.ac.rs/o:11070
no
yes
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2016-05-13T10:21:31.320Z
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Biotehničke nauke - Fitofarmacija / Biotechnical sciences - Phytopharmacy
patogene gljive iz zemljišta, paprika, osetljivost, efikasnost,fungicidi, biofungicidi.
soil-borne pathogenic fungi, pepper, sensitivity, efficacy,fungicides, biofungicides
635.649:632.4 (043.3)
1738
11A33
2014